Whole-person care guide

Every way to treat trauma and PTSD

Trauma lives in the mind and the body, and recovery usually needs both. Here is every approach with evidence, ranked, from trauma-focused therapy to body-based and newer treatments.

PTSD is treatable, and many people recover fully. The strongest evidence is for trauma-focused therapies that help the brain process what happened. Body-based practices help calm the nervous system and make therapy easier to do.

The list below is ordered by strength of evidence. Each card shows the approach, what it involves, what the research found, and who provides it.

PsyCare+ is a directory, not a medical provider. Use this guide to talk with your clinician. If you are in crisis, call or text 988 (Suicide and Crisis Lifeline) or go to the nearest emergency room.

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Step 1

Strongest evidence

Recommended first by clinical guidelines. Start here.

Traditional

Trauma-focused therapy: CPT, prolonged exposure, trauma-focused CBT

Structured therapies, usually 8 to 16 sessions, that help you process the trauma and loosen its grip. Recommended above medication by major guidelines.

Who provides itPsychologists, counselors, and social workers trained in CPT, PE, or TF-CBT.

Cost and coverageOften covered by insurance. Free for veterans through the VA.

Evidence: VA/DoD clinical practice guideline for PTSD, 2023; American Psychological Association PTSD guideline

Traditional

EMDR therapy

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing pairs recalling the memory with guided eye movements. Recommended as a first-line trauma therapy.

Who provides itTherapists certified or trained in EMDR.

Cost and coverageOften covered by insurance.

Evidence: VA/DoD guideline, 2023; NICE guideline NG116

Step 2

Strong supporting evidence

Backed by good trials. Works well alongside first-line care.

Traditional

Medication

Certain antidepressants (sertraline, paroxetine, fluoxetine, venlafaxine) reduce PTSD symptoms and are recommended when therapy is not available or not enough.

Who provides itPsychiatrists and psychiatric nurse practitioners.

Cost and coverageUsually covered by insurance.

Evidence: VA/DoD guideline, 2023

Alternative

Exercise

Physical activity reduces PTSD and depression symptoms when added to usual care.

Who provides itPersonal trainers, exercise physiologists, physical therapists.

Cost and coverageVaries.

Evidence: Rosenbaum et al., Psychiatry Research, 2015 (meta-analysis)

Step 3

Some evidence

Smaller or mixed studies. Many people find these helpful as add-ons.

Alternative

Trauma-sensitive yoga

Yoga reduced PTSD symptoms in a meta-analysis of trials, and helps many people reconnect safely with their body.

Who provides itYoga teachers trained in trauma-sensitive practice.

Cost and coverageClasses typically $15 to $30.

Evidence: Cramer et al., BMC Psychiatry, 2018 (meta-analysis)

Alternative

Meditation and mindfulness

Meditation practices lead to modest improvements in PTSD symptoms across trials.

Who provides itMeditation teachers, therapists trained in mindfulness.

Cost and coverageOften low cost or free.

Evidence: Hilton et al., Psychological Trauma, 2017 (meta-analysis)

Alternative

Acupuncture

Some trials show reduced PTSD symptoms, but the evidence is limited. Best used alongside trauma-focused therapy.

Who provides itLicensed acupuncturists.

Cost and coverageTypically $75 to $150 per session.

Evidence: Grant et al., Journal of Trauma and Dissociation, 2018 (meta-analysis)

Alternative

Massage and bodywork

Used by many to lower physical tension and arousal. Research specific to PTSD is limited.

Who provides itLicensed massage therapists, somatic bodywork practitioners.

Cost and coverageTypically $70 to $130 per session.

Evidence: Evidence specific to PTSD is limited.

Step 4

Emerging or specialist

Still being studied, or reserved for when first treatments have not worked.

Progressive

Stellate ganglion block

An injection near a nerve cluster in the neck. One controlled trial showed reduced PTSD symptoms at eight weeks. Still being studied.

Who provides itAnesthesiologists and pain medicine physicians at specialty clinics.

Cost and coverageUsually private pay.

Evidence: Rae Olmsted et al., JAMA Psychiatry, 2020

Progressive

MDMA-assisted therapy

Showed strong results in phase 3 trials, but the FDA declined to approve it in August 2024. Available only in research.

Who provides itResearch programs only.

Cost and coverageNot available outside clinical trials.

Evidence: Mitchell et al., Nature Medicine, 2021 (phase 3 trial)

Near youResearch settings only. Not offered by listed providers.

See a doctor first if

Sources

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